Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.įind sources: "Impression formation" – news Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. However, the difficulty of accurately coding responses often necessitates the use of additional quantitative measures. This is a useful technique for gathering detailed and concrete evidence on the nature of the impression formed. The participant (or perceiver) is presented with a stimulus (usually a short vignette or a list of personality descriptors such as assured, talkative, cold, etc.) and then instructed to briefly sketch his or her impressions of the type of person described. A combination of some or all of these techniques is often employed to produce the most accurate assessment of impression formation.įree response is an experimental method frequently used in impression formation research. In addition, a fourth method based on a Likert scale with anchors such as “very favorable” and “very unfavorable”, has also been used in recent research. Impression formation has traditionally been studied using three methods pioneered by Asch: free response, free association, and a check-list form. A related area to impression formation is the study of person perception, making dispositional attributions, and then adjusting those inferences based on the information available. In contrast to the Gestalt approach, the cognitive algebra approach asserts that individuals' experiences are combined with previous evaluations to form a constantly changing impression of a person. As an individual seeks to form a coherent and meaningful impression of another individual, previous impressions significantly influence the interpretation of subsequent information. The Gestalt approach views the formation of a general impression as the sum of several interrelated impressions. Two major theories have been proposed to explain how this process of integration takes place. Social psychologist Solomon Asch is credited with the seminal research on impression formation and conducted research on how individuals integrate information about personality traits. Impression formation in social psychology refers to the processes by which different pieces of knowledge about another are combined into a global or summary impression.
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